Ranking_programming_languages_by_energy_efficiency_evaluation.ods - Energy Efficiency in Programming Languages Checking Energy Consumption in Programming Languages Using the Computer Language Benchmark Game as a case study. What is this? This repo contains the source code of 10 distinct benchmarks, implemented in 28 different languages (exactly as taken from the Computer Language Benchmark Game).

 
ENERGY STAR is the simple choice for energy efficiency, making it easy to find products that will save you money and protect the environment. The US Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) ensures that each product that earns the label is independently certified to deliver the efficiency performance and savings that consumers have come to expect .... 7 c

Home Energy Assessments. A home energy assessment, also known as a home energy audit, can help you understand the whole picture of your home's energy use, comfort, and safety. An assessment can help you determine how much energy your home uses, where your home is inefficient, and which problem areas and fixes you should prioritize to save ...Dec 3, 2020 · For the last five years, Rust was voted as the most loved programming language by 86% of developers who took the survey. TypeScript took position two with 67.1% while Python came third after ... Aug 16, 2022 · Broad adoption of Rust could reduce energy consumption of compute demands by a conservatively estimated 50%, Amazon wrote. Rust delivers the energy efficiency of the C programming language ... Oct 25, 2021 · However, the question is hard to answer as many factors creep while measuring power consumption. This includes the quality of the compiler, libraries used, etc. However, the researchers were able to separate energy use by CPU or DRAM utilisation, determining that the CPU consumed the majority of power, about 88.94% on average, and the remaining ... Dec 3, 2020 · For the last five years, Rust was voted as the most loved programming language by 86% of developers who took the survey. TypeScript took position two with 67.1% while Python came third after ... Dec 14, 2021 · Notably, the energy consumption does vary by factors up to 80 between programming languages. On average, C and Rust programs are the most energy efficient. Java programs consume about 2 times more energy than C programs. JavaScript/TypeScript programs consume between 4 to 20 times more energy than C programs. Our default ranking is weighted toward the interests of an IEEE member, and looking at the top entries, we see that Python has held onto its comfortable lead, with Java and C once again coming in ...The Football Power Index (FPI) is a measure of team strength that is meant to be the best predictor of a team's performance going forward for the rest of the season. FPI represents how many points ...Swift. Haskell. C#. Go. Dart. JavaScript. TypeScript. “This paper presents a study of the runtime, memory usage, and energy consumption of twenty-seven well-known software languages. We monitor ...Compiled languages like C, Rust, C++, and Ada lead in terms of speed and energy efficiency, with Java following closely. Other popular languages like Go, JavaScript, PHP, Ruby, and Python rank lower.Welcome to IEEE Spectrum ’s ninth annual ranking of the Top Programming Languages! This year we’ve revamped and streamlined our interactive ranking tool and made other changes under the hood, but the goal remains the same—to combine multiple metrics from different sources to estimate the relative popularity of different languages.Here are some notable findings: C and C++ consistently ranked among the most energy-efficient languages. Their low-level nature and direct access to system resources contribute to their efficiency ...Python is one of the most popular programming languages in the world. Dutch software company’s programming language index for 2021 also indicates that. But is it one of the most energy-efficient ...A comprehensive study on the energy efficiency of Java thread-safe collections. In Proceedings of ICSME, 2016. 48. Pinto G., Soares-Neto, F., and Castor, F. Refactoring for energy efficiency: A reflection on the state of the art. In Proceedings of GREENS, 2015. 49. Ribic, H. and Liu, Y.D. Energy-efficient work-stealing language runtimes.The big five—Java, C, C++, Python, and C#—remain on top, with their ranking undisturbed, but C has edged to within a whisper of knocking Java off the top spot. The big mover is R, a ...The Football Power Index (FPI) is a measure of team strength that is meant to be the best predictor of a team's performance going forward for the rest of the season. FPI represents how many points ...Java usage is widespread, with companies such as Google, Netflix, Uber, and Spotify using the language. Growing in popularity at a rate of 155%, Java is likely to retain its number one position for the foreseeable future. #2. Python. What this language is used for: Web development.Here are the metrics we use to build an overall ranking of programming language popularity. The IEEE Spectrum Top Programming Languages app synthesizes 11 metrics from eight sources to arrive at ...After two years in second place, C has finally edged out Java for the top spot. Staying in the top five, Python has swapped places with C++ to take the No. 3 position, and C# has fallen out of the ...RedMonk gives these rankings: 1 JavaScript 2 Java 3 Python 4 PHP 5 C# 6 C++ 7 CSS 8 Ruby 9 C 10 Objective-C 11 Swift 12 Shell 12 Scala 14 R 15 Go 15 Perl 17 TypeScript 18 PowerShell 19 Haskell 20 CoffeeScript 20 Lua 20 Matlab. Another ranking system, by Tiobe, ends up with a radically different top 20. On IEEE Spectrum 's Fixing the Future podcast, our editors talk with the brightest minds in technology about concrete solutions to big challenges. Computer programming is the core of computer science curriculum. Several programming languages have been used to teach the first course in computer programming, and such languages are referred to as first programming language (FPL). The pool of programming languages has been evolving with the development of new languages, and from this pool different languages have been used as FPL at ...RedMonk uses a blend of data from GitHub and Stack Overflow to come up with its semi-annual language rankings. The top 10 languages in RedMonk's latest rankings are: JavaScript. Python. Java. PHP ...Nov 2, 2022 · The idea transmuted over to software programming languages—surely a faster language was a greener one, the logic went. That all changed in 2017 thanks to a group of researchers in Portugal who use what’s called the Computer Language Benchmarks Game (CLBG) as a way of ranking software languages in terms of energy efficiency. Guidebook for Energy Efficiency Evaluation, Measurement & Verification (EM&V Guidebook) to help state, local, and tribal air and energy officials—as well as key stakeholders such as utility EE implementers—take steps to learn about, establish, or refine their EM&V approaches. 1.1.1. Use by Air OfficialsHaskell (/ ˈ h æ s k əl /) is a general-purpose, statically-typed, purely functional programming language with type inference and lazy evaluation. [26] [27] Designed for teaching, research, and industrial applications, Haskell has pioneered a number of programming language features such as type classes , which enable type-safe operator ... ENERGY STAR is the simple choice for energy efficiency, making it easy to find products that will save you money and protect the environment. The US Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) ensures that each product that earns the label is independently certified to deliver the efficiency performance and savings that consumers have come to expect ...(In any given ranking, the highest-ranked language is assigned a score of 100, and the scores of lower-ranked languages are scaled to that.) The number-crunching language R rounds out the top five.About this report. Energy Efficiency 2021 is the IEA’s annual update on global developments in energy efficiency. This year’s edition explores recent trends in energy efficiency markets at the economy-wide and sectoral levels, including developments in policy and investment. The report also focuses on the role of energy efficiency in ...This paper compares a large set of programming languages regarding their efficiency, including from an energetic point-of-view. Indeed, we seek to establish and analyze different rankings for programming languages based on their energy efficiency.Energy Efficiency in Programming Languages Checking Energy Consumption in Programming Languages Using the Computer Language Benchmark Game as a case study. What is this? This repo contains the source code of 10 distinct benchmarks, implemented in 28 different languages (exactly as taken from the Computer Language Benchmark Game). Jul 22, 2020 · Here are the metrics we use to build an overall ranking of programming language popularity. The IEEE Spectrum Top Programming Languages app synthesizes 11 metrics from eight sources to arrive at ... Jul 26, 2016 · After two years in second place, C has finally edged out Java for the top spot. Staying in the top five, Python has swapped places with C++ to take the No. 3 position, and C# has fallen out of the ... Energy Efficiency Policies and Programs. Energy efficiency policies and programs can help drive the implementation of projects that minimize or reduce energy use during the operation of a system or machine and/or production of a good or service. Resources related to different types of energy efficiency policies and programs are available below.Overviews of the energy efficiency programs reviewed for this chapter are provided in Table 6-2 and 6-3. Key findings drawn from these programs include: • Energy efficiency resources are being acquired on aver­ age at about one-half the cost of the typical new power sources, and about one-third of the cost of nat­Energy Efficiency Policies and Programs. Energy efficiency policies and programs can help drive the implementation of projects that minimize or reduce energy use during the operation of a system or machine and/or production of a good or service. Resources related to different types of energy efficiency policies and programs are available below.Here are the metrics we use to build an overall ranking of programming language popularity. The IEEE Spectrum Top Programming Languages app synthesizes 11 metrics from eight sources to arrive at ...Speed comparison of programming languages. This projects tries to compare the speed of different programming languages. In this project we don't really care about getting a precise calculation of pi. We only want to see how fast are the programming languages doing. It uses an implementation of the Leibniz formula for π to do the comparison.This is the continuation of this 2017 paper: https://www.researchgate.net/publication/320436353_Energy_efficiency_across_programming_languages_how_do_energy_time_and_memory_relate There are new measurements and evaluations based on CLBG (as before), but now also based on Rosetta Code.described in Section 2.2) to analyze the energy efficiency of 27 languages and (almost) 270 programs. We have also extended it in order to monitor memory consumption, as well. This paper is organized as follows: Section 2 exposes the detailed steps of our methodology to measure and compare energy efficiency in software languages, followed by a pre- For example, overall the C language turned out to be the fastest and also the most energy efficient. But in the benchmark test which involved scanning a DNA database for a particular genetic sequence, Rust was the most energy-efficient — while C came in third.Our default ranking is weighted toward the interests of an IEEE member, and looking at the top entries, we see that Python has held onto its comfortable lead, with Java and C once again coming in ...v. t. e. Computer programming is the process of performing particular computations (or more generally, accomplishing specific computing results), usually by designing and building executable computer programs. Programming involves tasks such as analysis, generating algorithms, profiling algorithms' accuracy and resource consumption, and the ...RedMonk gives these rankings: 1 JavaScript 2 Java 3 Python 4 PHP 5 C# 6 C++ 7 CSS 8 Ruby 9 C 10 Objective-C 11 Swift 12 Shell 12 Scala 14 R 15 Go 15 Perl 17 TypeScript 18 PowerShell 19 Haskell 20 CoffeeScript 20 Lua 20 Matlab. Another ranking system, by Tiobe, ends up with a radically different top 20.Jul 22, 2020 · Our default ranking is weighted toward the interests of an IEEE member, and looking at the top entries, we see that Python has held onto its comfortable lead, with Java and C once again coming in ... Jul 22, 2020 · Here are the metrics we use to build an overall ranking of programming language popularity. The IEEE Spectrum Top Programming Languages app synthesizes 11 metrics from eight sources to arrive at ... Guidebook for Energy Efficiency Evaluation, Measurement & Verification (EM&V Guidebook) to help state, local, and tribal air and energy officials—as well as key stakeholders such as utility EE implementers—take steps to learn about, establish, or refine their EM&V approaches. 1.1.1. Use by Air Officials The lambda calculus, developed in the 1930s by Alonzo Church, is a formal system of computation built from function application. In 1937 Alan Turing proved that the lambda calculus and Turing machines are equivalent models of computation, [36] showing that the lambda calculus is Turing complete. Lambda calculus forms the basis of all functional ... In 2023, Java claims the No. 3 spot in terms of the most in-demand programming languages. This object-oriented language is free to use and can run on all platforms. It’s often used in application and web development, and it’s also used on the backend of big-name sites like Google, YouTube, and Amazon. If you’re just learning how to code ...Investment in efficiency is projected to fall 9% in 2020. Travel restrictions and lockdowns are having major impacts on long-distance and urban transport. Transport sector energy consumption is projected to fall by 10% in 2020 compared with 2019, including an 11% drop in oil consumption of around 6 million barrels a day. https://lnkd.in/d8V5DuX4. Ranking programming languages by energy efficiency sciencedirect.com👉 Ranking #programmingLanguages by #energy #efficiency 🤔 Impressive work !👏 ⬇️⬇️⬇️ Rui Pereira, et all, Ranking programming languages by energy efficiency, Science of Computer ... Towards a Green Ranking for Programming Languages. In Programming Languages: 21st Brazilian Symposium, SBLP 2017, Fortaleza, Brazil, September, 2017. Google Scholar Digital Library; Luis Cruz and Rui Abreu. 2017. Performance-based Guidelines for Energy Efficient Mobile Applications.Notably, the energy consumption does vary by factors up to 80 between programming languages. On average, C and Rust programs are the most energy efficient. Java programs consume about 2 times more energy than C programs. JavaScript/TypeScript programs consume between 4 to 20 times more energy than C programs.Motivation: Even though many studies examine the energy efficiency of hardware and embedded systems, those that investigate the energy consumption of software applications are still limited, and mostly focused on mobile applications. As modern applications become even more complex and heterogeneous a need arises for methods that can accurately assess their energy consumption. Goal: Measure the ...Home Energy Assessments. A home energy assessment, also known as a home energy audit, can help you understand the whole picture of your home's energy use, comfort, and safety. An assessment can help you determine how much energy your home uses, where your home is inefficient, and which problem areas and fixes you should prioritize to save ... This paper compares a large set of programming languages regarding their efficiency, including from an energetic point-of-view. Indeed, we seek to establish and analyze different rankings for programming languages based on their energy efficiency. Here are the metrics we use to build an overall ranking of programming language popularity. The IEEE Spectrum Top Programming Languages app synthesizes 11 metrics from eight sources to arrive at ...In this ranking, we can see the “greenest” and most efficient programming languages are: C, C+, Rust, and Java, although this last one shoots the memory usage. Energy: From this table, it is ...After two years in second place, C has finally edged out Java for the top spot. Staying in the top five, Python has swapped places with C++ to take the No. 3 position, and C# has fallen out of the ...In 2023, Java claims the No. 3 spot in terms of the most in-demand programming languages. This object-oriented language is free to use and can run on all platforms. It’s often used in application and web development, and it’s also used on the backend of big-name sites like Google, YouTube, and Amazon. If you’re just learning how to code ...After two years in second place, C has finally edged out Java for the top spot. Staying in the top five, Python has swapped places with C++ to take the No. 3 position, and C# has fallen out of the ...Energy efficiency across programming languages: how do energy, time, and memory relate?. In Proceedings of the 10th ACM SIGPLAN International Conference on Software Language Engineering (pp. 256 ...RedMonk gives these rankings: 1 JavaScript 2 Java 3 Python 4 PHP 5 C# 6 C++ 7 CSS 8 Ruby 9 C 10 Objective-C 11 Swift 12 Shell 12 Scala 14 R 15 Go 15 Perl 17 TypeScript 18 PowerShell 19 Haskell 20 CoffeeScript 20 Lua 20 Matlab. Another ranking system, by Tiobe, ends up with a radically different top 20.Feb 3, 2023 · In 2023, Java claims the No. 3 spot in terms of the most in-demand programming languages. This object-oriented language is free to use and can run on all platforms. It’s often used in application and web development, and it’s also used on the backend of big-name sites like Google, YouTube, and Amazon. If you’re just learning how to code ... Dec 22, 2022 · This table is an extract from a 2017 scientific article, Energy Efficiency Across Programming Languages, and it makes sense: compiled languages like C or C++ are fast and energy efficient while ... Feb 3, 2023 · In 2023, Java claims the No. 3 spot in terms of the most in-demand programming languages. This object-oriented language is free to use and can run on all platforms. It’s often used in application and web development, and it’s also used on the backend of big-name sites like Google, YouTube, and Amazon. If you’re just learning how to code ... A programming language is a system of notation for writing computer programs. [1] Most programming languages are text-based formal languages, but they may also be graphical. They are a kind of computer language . The description of a programming language is usually split into the two components of syntax (form) and semantics (meaning), which ...Aug 9, 2021 · RedMonk uses a blend of data from GitHub and Stack Overflow to come up with its semi-annual language rankings. The top 10 languages in RedMonk's latest rankings are: JavaScript. Python. Java. PHP ... Ranking programming languages by energy efficiency - ScienceDirect Science of Computer Programming Volume 205, 1 May 2021, 102609 Ranking programming languages by energy efficiency Pereira a b , Marco Couto c b , Francisco Ribeiro c b , Rua c b , Jácome Cunha c b , João Paulo Fernandes d , João Saraiva c b Add to MendeleyFor you programming purists out there, here is an interesting white paper on the runtime energy efficiency of various programming languages. https://lnkd.in/dcMSsjKe People wonder why languages ...May 1, 2021 · Request PDF | Ranking programming languages by energy efficiency | This paper compares a large set of programming languages regarding their efficiency, including from an energetic point-of-view. Home Energy Assessments. A home energy assessment, also known as a home energy audit, can help you understand the whole picture of your home's energy use, comfort, and safety. An assessment can help you determine how much energy your home uses, where your home is inefficient, and which problem areas and fixes you should prioritize to save ... Energy Efficiency in Programming Languages Checking Energy Consumption in Programming Languages Using the Computer Language Benchmark Game as a case study. What is this? This repo contains the source code of 10 distinct benchmarks, implemented in 28 different languages (exactly as taken from the Computer Language Benchmark Game). 1. JavaScript. JavaScript is one of the world’s most popular programming languages on the web. Using JavaScript, you can build some of the most interactive websites. Also, it is one of the most demanding languages in programming as per recent reports by Stack Overflow.Ranking programming languages by energy efficiency R Pereira, M Couto, F Ribeiro, R Rua, J Cunha, JP Fernandes, J Saraiva Science of Computer Programming 205, 102609 , 2021 Feb 21, 2023 · Because 8-bit floating-point operations are about 30 times as energy efficient as 64-bit ones, makers of GPUs and other AI accelerator chips have been seeking ways to use such lower-precision ... May 24, 2023 · 1. JavaScript. JavaScript is one of the world’s most popular programming languages on the web. Using JavaScript, you can build some of the most interactive websites. Also, it is one of the most demanding languages in programming as per recent reports by Stack Overflow. Towards a Green Ranking for Programming Languages. In Programming Languages: 21st Brazilian Symposium, SBLP 2017, Fortaleza, Brazil, September, 2017. Google Scholar Digital Library; Luis Cruz and Rui Abreu. 2017. Performance-based Guidelines for Energy Efficient Mobile Applications.v. t. e. Computer programming is the process of performing particular computations (or more generally, accomplishing specific computing results), usually by designing and building executable computer programs. Programming involves tasks such as analysis, generating algorithms, profiling algorithms' accuracy and resource consumption, and the ... Python is one of the most popular programming languages in the world. Dutch software company’s programming language index for 2021 also indicates that. But is it one of the most energy-efficient ...This paper compares a large set of programming languages regarding their efficiency, including from an energetic point-of-view. Indeed, we seek to establish and analyze different rankings for programming languages based on their energy efficiency. Developed at Google in 2007, Go is a top-tier programming language. What makes Go really shine is its efficiency; it is capable of executing several processes concurrently. And as far as programming languages go, it has an extensive “vocabulary,” meaning it can display more information than other languages.Ranking programming languages by energy efficiency R Pereira, M Couto, F Ribeiro, R Rua, J Cunha, JP Fernandes, J Saraiva Science of Computer Programming, 102609 , 2021This is the continuation of this 2017 paper: https://www.researchgate.net/publication/320436353_Energy_efficiency_across_programming_languages_how_do_energy_time_and_memory_relate There are new measurements and evaluations based on CLBG (as before), but now also based on Rosetta Code. Aug 16, 2022 · Broad adoption of Rust could reduce energy consumption of compute demands by a conservatively estimated 50%, Amazon wrote. Rust delivers the energy efficiency of the C programming language ... This paper compares a large set of programming languages regarding their e ciency, including from an energetic point-of-view. Indeed, we seek to estab-lish and analyze di erent rankings for programming languages based on their energy e ciency. The goal of being able to rank programming languages basedFor you programming purists out there, here is an interesting white paper on the runtime energy efficiency of various programming languages. https://lnkd.in/dcMSsjKe People wonder why languages ...This report presents the findings, conclusions and recommendations of the evaluation of the Energy Efficiency Program (EEP). This evaluation was conducted as specified in Natural Resources Canada’s (NRCan) Joint Audit and Evaluation Plan 2018-2021, and in accordance with the Treasury Board Policy on Results (2016).

Aug 29, 2023 · This year, Python doesn’t just remain No. 1 in our general “Spectrum” ranking—which is weighted to reflect the interests of the typical IEEE member—but it widens its lead. Python’s ... . How much does an ear piercing cost at clairepercent27s

ranking_programming_languages_by_energy_efficiency_evaluation.ods

The OECD DAC Network on Development Evaluation (EvalNet) has defined six evaluation criteria – relevance, coherence, effectiveness, efficiency, impact and sustainability – and two principles for their use. These criteria provide a normative framework used to determine the merit or worth of an intervention (policy, strategy, programme ... Nov 2, 2022 · The idea transmuted over to software programming languages—surely a faster language was a greener one, the logic went. That all changed in 2017 thanks to a group of researchers in Portugal who use what’s called the Computer Language Benchmarks Game (CLBG) as a way of ranking software languages in terms of energy efficiency. This paper compares a large set of programming languages regarding their e ciency, including from an energetic point-of-view. Indeed, we seek to estab-lish and analyze di erent rankings for programming languages based on their energy e ciency. The goal of being able to rank programming languages basedJul 22, 2020 · Our default ranking is weighted toward the interests of an IEEE member, and looking at the top entries, we see that Python has held onto its comfortable lead, with Java and C once again coming in ... What's the Most Efficient Language? It's 2025, and alien explorers from a distant planet are set to make first contact with Earth. Conveniently for us, they have a universal translator. Unfortunately, for us, they've intercepted far too many episodes of Jersey Shore and have a skewed perception of our species. So, in an effort to put humanity's ...Energy efficiency across programming languages: how do energy, time, and memory relate? Authors: Rui Pereira , Marco Couto , Francisco Ribeiro , Rui Rua , Jácome Cunha , João Paulo Fernandes , João Saraiva Authors Info & ClaimsFor a lot of programs, the biggest energy suck is between the chair and keyboard. Most low energy languages are harder to code with, hence require more energy up front. Ask how much developer time it took to get all those toy programs to run correctly. My guess is the Python code took 10-20% of the time the C code took to write.The OECD DAC Network on Development Evaluation (EvalNet) has defined six evaluation criteria – relevance, coherence, effectiveness, efficiency, impact and sustainability – and two principles for their use. These criteria provide a normative framework used to determine the merit or worth of an intervention (policy, strategy, programme ...Using the calculations from the previous article, we can estimate the yearly carbon impact: C#/WPF is around .00031 mtCO2e per year for that population. Python/Kiva is around .00087 mtCO2e per ...Aug 8, 2023 · The 14 Best Programming Languages to Learn in 2023. 1. Python. Python is an open-sourced, general-purpose programming language. When it comes to Python applications, you have a lot of choices, as it’s widely used for web development, scientific computing, artificial intelligence, data analysis, and more. Jul 22, 2020 · Our default ranking is weighted toward the interests of an IEEE member, and looking at the top entries, we see that Python has held onto its comfortable lead, with Java and C once again coming in ... Haskell (/ ˈ h æ s k əl /) is a general-purpose, statically-typed, purely functional programming language with type inference and lazy evaluation. [26] [27] Designed for teaching, research, and industrial applications, Haskell has pioneered a number of programming language features such as type classes , which enable type-safe operator ...Energy efficiency activities between 2010 and 2012 resulted in enough energy savings to power nearly 800,000 homes for a year and cut carbon dioxide emissions by 5.3 million tons, the equivalent of removing more than 1 million cars from California’s roads. The CPUC regulates ratepayer-funded energy efficiency programs.A comprehensive study on the energy efficiency of Java thread-safe collections. In Proceedings of ICSME, 2016. 48. Pinto G., Soares-Neto, F., and Castor, F. Refactoring for energy efficiency: A reflection on the state of the art. In Proceedings of GREENS, 2015. 49. Ribic, H. and Liu, Y.D. Energy-efficient work-stealing language runtimes. Energy efficiency across programming languages: how do energy, time, and memory relate?. In Proceedings of the 10th ACM SIGPLAN International Conference on Software Language Engineering (pp. 256 ...Such tables illustrate that languages like C, Rust, C++, Pascal, and others are the most eco-friendly and consume the least energy. However, little is shown about how these rankings were produced.v. t. e. Computer programming is the process of performing particular computations (or more generally, accomplishing specific computing results), usually by designing and building executable computer programs. Programming involves tasks such as analysis, generating algorithms, profiling algorithms' accuracy and resource consumption, and the ... Guidebook for Energy Efficiency Evaluation, Measurement & Verification (EM&V Guidebook) to help state, local, and tribal air and energy officials—as well as key stakeholders such as utility EE implementers—take steps to learn about, establish, or refine their EM&V approaches. 1.1.1. Use by Air Officials Energy Efficiency Policies and Programs. Energy efficiency policies and programs can help drive the implementation of projects that minimize or reduce energy use during the operation of a system or machine and/or production of a good or service. Resources related to different types of energy efficiency policies and programs are available below.Because 8-bit floating-point operations are about 30 times as energy efficient as 64-bit ones, makers of GPUs and other AI accelerator chips have been seeking ways to use such lower-precision ....

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